While Judaism places more emphasis on good deeds rather that faith, daily Jewish prayers and Jewish song is an integral part of being a Jew. Jews are who observe the religion are expected to pray thrice a day - morning, afternoon and evening. The frequency of these Jewish prayers increases on Jewish festival days, the Sabbath and holidays. The Jewish prayers are found in a book called the Siddur and they generally move their bodies in a to and fro motion while praying.
The morning prayers - Shacharit
The Jewish song of praise and worship and prayers is one of the first things that a Jew is expected to recite every morning. This process starts with the wearing of the tefillin, the tallit and the tzitzit.
Once this is done they recite the blessings for the morning, followed by the Blessing of the Torah. This is followed by a reading from the rabbinic and Biblical writing. Also included is the Kaddish of the Rabbi, prayers of praise which are mainly psalms and the Jewish Song of the Sea. Following this is the public prayer call and prayer service. There is a reading from the Torah included on Monday and Thursday as well.
The afternoon prayers - Mincha
Jewish prayers in the afternoon start with the reciting of Psalm 84, part of the Korbanot and Pittum Hakketoret. Following this is the actual beginning of the morning prayers with a reading from the book of Malachi. Ashkenazi Jews begin their prayers with this section. Following this is the Ashrei which contain verses from the Psalms, the Amidah, the Tachanun and then the entire Kaddish. This section of prayer does not contain and Jewish song of praise and worship.
The evening prayers - Arvit or Ma'ariv
The Jewish prayers for the evening begin like the morning, with a public call (Barechu) and prayers that are related to Shema Yisreal. Following this is the Hashkiveinu. Once this blessing is done, the Half Kaddish follows along with the Amidah. The Sephardism sect says the Barachu once again along with the Mourner's Kaddish. They then conclude with the Aleinu. The Ashkenazi sect concludes with the Aleinu and then the Mourner's Kaddish. The set of prayers too is not said with a Jewish song.
The beginning of the Sabbath - The service on Friday evening
Every Friday the Sabbath begins with Jewish prayers. To start the service off is the Mincha after which there are certain communities that sing the Jewish Song of songs. Following this is what is called the Receiving of the Sabbath. This is done through the reciting of six psalms representing each day of the week. Lekha Dodi, a poem that was composed in the 1500's by Solomon ha-Levi Alkabetz is recited next. This section is concluded with Psalm 93 and the Maariv. There is a Shema section right after this along with various other Jewish prayers that are said through the evening. No other Jewish song is sung after this.
Saturday Services
The actual day of the Sabbath is Saturday and given this the day is full of Jewish prayers. There is service on Saturday morning, an additional service after that and a service on Saturday afternoon. These services are a mix of reading from the Torah, recitations from the Psalms and various other holy readings. It could also contain a Jewish song.
While these are the daily Jewish prayers, prayers and Jewish song on occasions and festivals may differ. Like the prayer, the Jewish song that is sung too differs depending on the occasion that it is being sung for.